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1. What, according to Kant, is Enlightenment?Enlightenment is man’s release from his self-incurred tutelage. Tutelage is man’s inability to make use of his understanding without direction from another.2. Why does Kant differentiate between the "public" and "private" use of one's reason?ans:public:unlimited freedom ->speak for the publicprivate:have to concern about the entity's interestWHY? produce the importance of freedom3. What does Kant mean by "Perhaps a fall of personal despotism or of avaricious or tyrannical oppression may be accomplished by revolution, but never a true reform in ways of thinking"? Do you agree? ;ANS:The public should be gradually changed through the enlightenment but should not be changed by the revolution. I agree. peace AND RATIONAL enlightenment is effective in long term.Take franch revolution as an example,even they can stimulate the nationalism but fianally has full of hatred in the society. 4. What should be the responsibility of rulers in an enlightened society?.They should guarantee public peace and give the freedom to the citizens to express their opinion.- John Locke, The second treatise of civil government: